basics of transformer

                                                                    

                                                        TRANSFORMER

• definition of transformer:A transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another without changing frequency.

Principle: A transformer operates on the principals of “electromagnetic induction”, in the form of  Mutual Induction.

                    Why Transformers are used ?

• Transformers are ubiquitous devices. They are used to either step-up the A.C voltage or to step-down it. But, why should we do this voltage transformation ?. It is a science fact that a stepped-up voltage is associated with a reduced current. A reduced current leads to low eddy current energy loss. In this way, transformers help achieve better transmission efficiency while transferring the power over longer distances.
  After the electrical power has transmitted to the desired spot, the voltage can be reduced to the desired level, using a step-down transformer.

    

 CLASSIFICATION   OF TRANSFORMER       

1. Step Up Transformer & Step Down Transformer - Generally used for stepping up and down the voltage level of power in transmission and distribution power network.
2. Three Phase Transformer & Single Phase Transformer - Former is generally used in three phase power system as it is cost effective than later but when size matters, it is preferable to use bank of three single phase transformer as it is easier to transport three single phase unit separately than one single three phase unit.
3. Electrical Power Transformer, Distribution Transformer & Instrument Transformer - Transformer is generally used in transmission network which is normally known as power transformer, distribution transformer is used in distribution network and this is lower rating transformer and current transformer & potential transformer, we use for relay and protection purpose in electrical power system and in different instruments in industries are called instrument transformer.
4. Two Winding Transformer & Auto Transformer - Former is generally used where ratio between high voltage and low voltage is greater than 2. It is cost effective to use later where the ratio between high voltage and low voltage is less than 2.
5. Outdoor Transformer & Indoor Transformer - Transformers that are designed for installing at outdoor are outdoor transformers and transformers designed for installing at indoor are indoor transformers.

parts of transformer

1. tank
2. core
3. Buchholz Relay
4. Explosion vent
5. Breather
6. Conservator
7. Tap changer
8. wheel 
9. oil level indicator
10. drain valve
11. pressure release valve (prv)
12. temperature indicator 

COOLING SYSTEM

• For dry type transformers
1. Air Natural (AN)
2. Air Blast
• For oil immersed tranformers
1. Oil Natural Air Natural (ONAN)
2. Oil Natural Air Forced (ONAF)
3. Oil Forced Air Forced (OFAF)
4. Oil Forced Water Forced  (OFWF)

                                                       

    Top 10 Transformer Manufacturers in      India

         

Top 10 Transformer Manufacturers in India

1 | ABB India 
Corporate Office – Bangalore, Karnataka | Establishment – 1889

2 | Siemens India
Corporate Office – Mumbai, India | Establishment – 1867

3 | Alstom T&D India
Corporate Office – Noida, India | Establishment – 1911

4 | Transformers & Rectifiers India Ltd
Corporate Office – Gujarat, India | Establishment – 1994

5 | Kirloskar Electric Company Limited
Corporate Office – Bangalore, Karnataka | Establishment – 1946

6 | Gujarat Transformers Pvt. Ltd
Corporate Office – Gujarat, India | Establishment – 1974

7 | Urja Techniques (India) Pvt. Ltd
Corporate Office – Mumbai, Maharashtra | Establishment – 1996

8 | Uttam Bharat
Corporate Office – Rajasthan, India |Establishment – 1983

9 | Kotsons Pvt. Ltd
Corporate Office: Delhi, India | Establishment – 1979

10 | Danish Private Limited
Corporate Office – Rajasthan, India | Establishment – 1981