definition of transformer:A transformer is a static machine used for transforming power from one circuit to another without changing frequency.
Principle: A transformer operates on the principals of “electromagnetic induction”, in the form of Mutual Induction.
Why Transformers are used ?
Transformers are ubiquitous devices. They are used to either step-up the A.C voltage or to step-down it. But, why should we do this voltage transformation ?. It is a science fact that a stepped-up voltage is associated with a reduced current. A reduced current leads to low eddy current energy loss. In this way, transformers help achieve better transmission efficiency while transferring the power over longer distances.
After the electrical power has transmitted to the desired spot, the voltage can be reduced to the desired level, using a step-down transformer.
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSFORMER
Step Up Transformer & Step Down Transformer - Generally used for stepping up and down the voltage level of power in transmission and distribution power network.
Three Phase Transformer & Single Phase Transformer - Former is generally used in three phase power system as it is cost effective than later but when size matters, it is preferable to use bank of three single phase transformer as it is easier to transport three single phase unit separately than one single three phase unit.
Two Winding Transformer & Auto Transformer - Former is generally used where ratio between high voltage and low voltage is greater than 2. It is cost effective to use later where the ratio between high voltage and low voltage is less than 2.
Outdoor Transformer & Indoor Transformer- Transformers that are designed for installing at outdoor are outdoor transformers and transformers designed for installing at indoor are indoor transformers.
